What is one of the first steps in the chain of survival for cardiac arrest?

The first step in the chain of survival for cardiac arrest is early recognition and activation of emergency response. This step is crucial because it sets the entire resuscitation process into motion. When a cardiac arrest occurs, time is of the essence. The sooner emergency services are alerted and on their way, the better the chances are for survival and recovery.

Recognizing the signs of cardiac arrest—such as unresponsiveness, absence of normal breathing, and lack of pulse—enables bystanders or caregivers to make immediate, informed decisions about calling for help. Activating the emergency response system ensures that advanced care, including defibrillation and ACLS (Advanced Cardiac Life Support) interventions, can be administered as quickly as possible, which is essential for improving outcomes in cardiac arrest cases.

While advanced airway management, transporting the patient, and determining the cause of the arrest are all important aspects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and cardiac care, they come after the activation of emergency response. Without immediate recognition and calling for assistance, other critical interventions may be delayed, jeopardizing the patient's chance of survival.